@prefix : . @prefix owl: . @prefix rdf: . @prefix xml: . @prefix xsd: . @prefix rdfs: . @base . rdf:type owl:Ontology ; owl:versionIRI ; owl:imports ; "2006-08-28"^^xsd:date ; "2024-11-18"^^xsd:date ; "General Formal Ontology (GFO)"@en ; ; "10.5281/zenodo.5205419" ; "gfo" ; "https://w3id.org/gfo/" ; ; rdfs:label "General Formal Ontology (GFO)"@en ; owl:priorVersion ; owl:versionInfo "2024-11-18"^^xsd:date ; "https://github.com/Onto-Med/GFO" . ################################################################# # Annotation properties ################################################################# ### http://purl.org/dc/terms/license rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment rdfs:comment rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#versionInfo owl:versionInfo rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ################################################################# # Object Properties ################################################################# ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/abstract_has_part rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty , owl:TransitiveProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/abstract_part_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf ; rdf:type owl:TransitiveProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range ; rdfs:comment """The abstract part-of relation is denoted by p(x,y); the argument-types of this relation are not specified, i.e. we allow arbitrary entities to be arguments. We assume that p(x,y) satisfies the condition of a partial ordering, .i.e. the following axioms: reflexivity, antisymmetry and transitivity.""" . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/agent_in rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf , ; owl:inverseOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/boundary_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; owl:inverseOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/categorial_part_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; owl:inverseOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/category_in_layer rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; owl:inverseOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/caused_by rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:domain [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( ) ] ; rdfs:range [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( ) ] . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/causes rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/constituent_part_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; owl:inverseOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/depends_on rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range ; rdfs:comment "This relation captures the notion of existential dependence." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/exists_at rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty , owl:FunctionalProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/framed_by rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; rdf:type owl:FunctionalProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/frames rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf ; rdf:type owl:InverseFunctionalProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/function_determinant_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/function_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/functional_item_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; rdfs:domain . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/goal_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:domain [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( ) ] ; rdfs:comment "\"goal\" here refers to \"final state\" in (Burek, 2006)."@en . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_agent rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_boundary rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty , owl:InverseFunctionalProperty . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_categorial_part rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_category rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_constituent_part rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; rdfs:domain [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( ) ] . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_function rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_function_determinant rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_functional_item rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; owl:inverseOf ; rdf:type owl:FunctionalProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_goal rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; rdfs:domain . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_left_time_boundary rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; rdf:type owl:FunctionalProperty . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_member rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_part rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; rdf:type owl:TransitiveProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_participant rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_proper_part rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; rdf:type owl:TransitiveProperty . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_requirement rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; rdfs:domain . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_right_time_boundary rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; owl:inverseOf ; rdf:type owl:FunctionalProperty . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_sequence_constituent rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_spatial_boundary rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_time_boundary rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_token rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/has_value rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/instance_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range ; rdfs:comment "The instantiation relation holds between a category and an item. It is not a relation between categories and individuals due to higher order categories such as \"species\"." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/instantiated_by rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:domain . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/layer_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/left_boundary_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf ; rdf:type owl:InverseFunctionalProperty ; rdfs:comment "Left boundary of a chronoid." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/level_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; rdfs:domain . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/member_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/necessary_for rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/occupied_by rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf ; rdf:type owl:InverseFunctionalProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/occupies rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty , owl:FunctionalProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/on_layer rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/on_level rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/on_stratum rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/part_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; owl:inverseOf ; rdf:type owl:TransitiveProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/participates_in rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/plays_role rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain owl:Thing ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/projection_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty , owl:InverseFunctionalProperty . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/projects_to rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf ; rdf:type owl:FunctionalProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/proper_part_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; owl:inverseOf ; rdf:type owl:TransitiveProperty . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/realized_by rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/realizes rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/requirement_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:domain [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( ) ] ; rdfs:comment "\"requirement\" here refers to \"initial state\" in (Burek, 2006)."@en . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/right_boundary_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty , owl:InverseFunctionalProperty ; rdfs:comment "Right boundary of a chronoid." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/role_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/sequence_constituent_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/spatial_boundary_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/stratum_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; rdfs:domain . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/time_boundary_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/token_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/value_of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range . ################################################################# # Classes ################################################################# ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Abstract rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:disjointWith , ; rdfs:comment """Abstract individuals are independent from time and space (they are not in time and space). Examples: the number \"2\" or pi."""@en . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Action rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; rdfs:comment "Actions are occurents which are caused by some presential (the agent) at every (inner and outer) time-boundary of the chronoid framing the occurent."@en . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Amount_of_substrate rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass ; rdfs:subClassOf , . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Awareness_level rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Biological_level rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Category rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:disjointWith ; rdfs:comment """Categories satisfy the following conditions: (1) Categories can be instantiated; (2) Categories can be predicated of other entities. Categories are defined intensional-with-an-s. They are, therefore, closely related to language.""" . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Change rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:disjointWith , ; rdfs:comment """A change in the technical sense refers to a pair of process boundaries. Either at coinciding boundaries (then it comes close to notions like ``punctual'' or ``instantaneous event'' as well as ``moment'' -- in a temporal reading), or at boundaries at the opposite ends of a process of arbitrary extension. The notion of change is relative to contradictory conditions between which a transition takes place. These contradictions refer to some collection of pairwise disjoint universals.""" . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Chemical_level rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Chronoid rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment """Chronoids are entities sui generis. Every chronoid has exactly two extremal and infinitely many inner time boundaries which are equivalently called time-points.""" . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Concept rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:disjointWith , . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Concrete rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:disjointWith ; rdfs:comment "Concrete individuals have a relation to time or space (they are in time and space)." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Configuration rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:disjointWith , ; rdfs:comment """We consider a collection of presential facts which exist at the same time-boundary. Such collections may be considered themselves as presentials, and we call them configurations. It is further required that configurations contain at least one material object.""" . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Configuroid rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "Configuroids are, in the simplest case, integrated wholes made up of material structure processes and property processes." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Continuous rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ owl:intersectionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:complementOf ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Continuous_change rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "For the purpose of formalizing continuous changes, a minimal chronoid universal D(c) is employed in order to capture the idea of observable differences during certain chronoids, whereas the change itself does not allow the observation of a difference. The predicate change(e1,e2, u1, u2, u, D(c)) is intended to formalize this approach. Continous changes occur over time (a chronoid)."@en . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Continuous_process rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , ; owl:disjointWith ; rdfs:comment """Processes where all non-coinciding internal boundaries are intrinsic changes. These turn out as purely continuous processes, described e.g. in physics by differential equations.""" . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Dependent rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:disjointWith . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Discrete rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Discrete_presential rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; owl:disjointWith . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Discrete_process rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , ; rdfs:comment "Discrete processes are made up of alterations of extrinsic changes and states." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Entity rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( ) ] ; rdfs:comment "Everything which exists is called an entity." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Extrinsic_change rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass ; rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:disjointWith ; rdfs:comment "Deprecated. Extrinsic changes are represented by change(e1,e2, u1, u2, u), where e1 and e2 are a pair of coincident process boundaries, and u1 and u2 are disjoint sub-universals of u."@en . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Function rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "A function F is a universal (conceptual structure) defined in purely teleological terms with respect to a given goal G which commonly is ascribed by means of has-function relation to entities that are the realizations of the function F, execute such a realization or are intended to do it." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/History rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:disjointWith ; rdfs:comment """Histories consist of a number of process boundaries. We assume that any history can be embedded into a process, which then forms a foundation of the history. If it were not for this foundation, one would face the problem of singling out the right boundaries in order to get a natural history: It is not sensible to measure the temperature of a patient first, then determine his weight, followed by measuring his blood pressure and to consider these strangely arbitrary process boundaries as a history of the patient's body data.""" . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Independent rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Individual rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ owl:intersectionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( ) ] [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( ) ] [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( [ owl:intersectionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:complementOf ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ) ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:complementOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ] ; rdfs:comment "Individuals are entities which cannot be further instantiated." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Instantanuous_change rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "Instantanuous changes are represented by change(e1,e2, u1, u2, u), where e1 and e2 are a pair of coincident process boundaries, and u1 and u2 are disjoint sub-universals of u. Instantanuous changes are therefore changes of properties on two coinciding time boundaries."@en . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Intrinsic_change rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment """Deprecated. For the purpose of formalizing intrinsic changes, a minimal chronoid universal D(c) is employed in order to capture the idea of observable differences during certain chronoids, whereas the change itself does not allow the observation of a difference. The predicate change(e1,e2, u1, u2, u, D(c)) is intended to formalize this approach."""@en . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Item rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( ) ] ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:complementOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ] ; owl:disjointWith ; rdfs:comment "An item is everything which is not a set. Also called ur-element." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Level rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; owl:disjointWith ; rdfs:comment "An ontological level, which is sth. more restricted and \"part of\" some gfo:Stratum." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Line rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Mass_entity rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Material_boundary rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; owl:disjointWith . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Material_line rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; owl:disjointWith , . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Material_object rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:cardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ] ; rdfs:comment """A material structure is an individual which satisfies the following conditions: it is a presential, it occupies space, it is a bearer of qualities, but other entities cannot have it as quality, and it consists of an amount of substrate, and it instantiates a persistant (\"has identity\").""" . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Material_persistant rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:allValuesFrom ] ; rdfs:comment """Material persistants are particular universals whose instances are material structures; they are related to those entities which are called sometimes continuants or objects, as apples, cars or houses. Material persistants capture the phenomenon of persistance through time of a material object. A material persistant P satisfies a number of neccessary conditions. For every material persistant P there exists a process P such that the set of instances of P coincides with the set of process-boundaries of P. This implies the existence of a chronoid c such that for every time-point t of c there exists exactly one instance of P at time point t.""" . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Material_point rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; owl:disjointWith . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Material_stratum rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment """According to (Poli,2001), the basic structure of the material stratum is a distinction of physical, chemical and biological levels. These levels can be further refined."""@en . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Material_structure rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Material_surface rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Mental_stratum rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment """In accordance with the work of R. Poli, we divide the psychological/mental stratum into the layer of awareness and the layer of personality. Awareness comprises most of what is studied by cognitive science (perception, memory, reasoning, etc). Personality on the other hand concerns the phenomenon of will and the way in which someone reacts to her experiences."""@en . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Occurrent rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:disjointWith ; rdfs:comment """Occurents have temporal parts and thus cannot be present at a time-boundary. Time belongs to them, because they happen in time and the time of the occurent is built into it. The relation between an occurent and a chronoid is determined by the projection relation. Occurents are also called generalized processes in the GFO.""" . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Ontological_layer rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "Ontological_layer, all of its subconcepts and the properties layer_of and on_layer are work in progress in a premature beta state."@en , "a collective term for gfo:stratum and gfo:level" ; owl:versionInfo "Beta"@en . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Persistant rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; rdfs:comment """Persistants are GFO's way to capture identity over time. GFO pursues an approach which accounts for persistence by means of a suitable universal whose instances are presentials. Such universals are called persistants. These do not change and they can be used to explain how presentials which have different properties at different times can nevertheless be the same.""" . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Personality_level rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Physical_level rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Point rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Presential rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:cardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ] ; rdfs:comment "A presential exists wholly at exactly one time boundary." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Process rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "Processes are a special kind of occurent. Processes are directly in time, they have characteristics which cannot be captured by a collection of time boundaries." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Processual_role rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; owl:disjointWith , ; rdfs:comment "Processual roles are dependent processes. They are roles with a process as context." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Property rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , ; owl:disjointWith . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Property_value rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; rdfs:subClassOf , ; rdfs:comment "The concept of a property value reflects a relationship between the property of x and the same property as exhibited by another entity y." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Relational_role rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; owl:disjointWith . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Relator rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Role rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Set rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "Set is a category pertaining to the individuals in the ZFC set theory." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Situation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "A situation is a special configuration which can be comprehended as a whole and satisfies certain conditions of unity, which are imposed by relations and categories associated with the situation. Herein, we consider situations to be the most complex kind of presentials." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Situoid rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment """Situoids are processes whose boundaries are situations and which satisfy certain principles of coherence, comprehensibility, and continuity. They are regarded as the most complex integrated wholes of the world. A situoid is, intuitively, a part of the world which is a coherent and comprehensible whole and does not need other entities in order to exist. Every situoid has a temporal extent and is framed by a topoid.""" . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Social_role rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Social_stratum rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment """On the one hand, the social stratum is divided into Agents and Institutions. Agents are the bearers of the social roles that humans play. Institutions are defined as systems of interrelated social components. On the other hand, a social system can be seen as a network in which businesses, politics, art, language (and many other facets) both present their own features and influence each other."""@en . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Space rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:disjointWith ; rdfs:comment "GFO uses Brentano space." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Space_time rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Spatial_boundary rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:disjointWith ; rdfs:comment """Boundaries of regions are surfaces, boundaries of surfaces are lines, and boundaries of lines are points. As in the case of time-boundaries, spatial boundaries have no independent existence, i.e. they depend on the spatial entity of which they are boundaries.""" . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Spatial_region rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "Space regions are mereological sums of topoids." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/State rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "A process without an instantanuous change at any of its inner time boundaries is called a state."@en . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Stratum rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment """According to (Poli, 2001, 2002) (based on the philosopher Hartmann) we distinguish at least three ontological strata of the world: the material stratum, the mental/psychological stratum, and the social stratum stratum. Every entity of the world participates in certain strata and levels. We take the position that the layers are characterized by integrated systems of categories. Hence, a layer can be understood as a meta-category whose instances are categories of certain kinds. Among these levels specific forms of categorial and existential dependencies hold. For example, a mental entity requires an animate material object as its existential bearer."""@en . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Surface rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Symbol rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Symbol_sequence rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Symbol_structure rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:disjointWith . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Temporal_region rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:disjointWith ; rdfs:comment """Time Regions are defined as the mereological sum of chronoids, i.e. time regions may consist of non-connected intervals of time.""" . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Time rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "The time model of GFO is based on Brentano and the glass continuum of Allen&Hayes." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Time_boundary rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; rdfs:comment """Time boundaries depend on a chronoids (i.e. they have no independent existence) and can coincide.""" . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Token rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Topoid rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "Topoids are connected compact regions of space. They have spatial boundaries." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Universal rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom ] ; rdfs:comment "Universals are immanent universals. They exist in re." . ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/Value_space rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment """Property values usually appear in groups which are called value structures, value spaces or measurement systems. Each of these structures corresponds to some property. More intuitively, one could say that the property may be measured with respect to some measurement system. For instance, sizes may be measured with the values ``small'' ``big'' or ``very big'', which are the elements of one value structure. The notion of a value structure of a property is similar to a quality dimension in (Gardenfors, 2000). Further, value structures are related to quality spaces in DOLCE (Masolo, 2003}. A quality space consists of all ``quales'' (our property values) of some ``quality'' (our property). Often it seems to be the case that a notion of distance can be defined, and that certain layers of value structures are isomorphic to some subset of real numbers, which allows for a mapping of values to pairs of a real number and a unit, as in the case of ``10 kg''.""" . ################################################################# # Individuals ################################################################# ### https://w3id.org/gfo/base/empty_set rdf:type . ### Generated by the OWL API (version 5.1.18) https://github.com/owlcs/owlapi/